Effect of Soaking with Seaweed Extract (Acadian) on the Qualitative Characteristics of Seedlings of Wheat Variety Tammuz Under Salt Stress

Abstract

A laboratory experiment was carried out in the laboratories of the Department of Seed Examination and Certification of the Ministry of Agriculture, the seed technology laboratory and the postgraduate laboratories of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad for the year 2021-2022, To determine the best synthesis of Acadian extract concentration (0, 1500, 2000 and 2500) mg L-1, under three stress levels (5, 10 and 15) dS m-1 as well as a control treatment through laboratory and qualitative characteristics of seedlings of wheat variety Tammuz cultivar. A factorial experiment was applied according to a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications for each treatment. The results showed that the treatment of seed soaking with seaweed extract at a concentration of (2500 mg L-1) was significantly superior in phenol and catalase enzyme without significantly different from the concentration of (2000 mg L-1). The results indicated the superiority of the soaking treatment with Acadian extract (2500 mg L-1) in the ratios of Proline, total chlorophyll, phenol, peroxidase enzyme, ratio of sodium to potassium) in giving the highest average for the aforementioned characteristics. The results showed that the salt tension level 15 dS m-1 negatively affected the averages of the studied traits (proline, carbohydrates, total chlorophyll, phenol, catalase enzyme, peroxidase enzyme, ratio of sodium to potassium). The results of the interaction showed a significant superiority of the combination (0 NaCl x 2500 mg L-1) in giving the best values in the traits (total chlorophyll, sodium to potassium ratio). While the combination (10 dS m-1 x 2000 mg L-1) was significantly superior in most of the studied traits (phenol, catalase enzyme, peroxidase enzyme), and the combination (5 dS m-1 x 2500 mg L-1) was significantly higher in the characteristic of proline, while the combination (15 dSm-1 x 2000 mg L-1) was superior in the proportion of carbohydrates. It was concluded that soaking the seeds of wheat variety Tammuz with Acadian extract reduced the effect of salinity and improved the quality characteristics by improving the efficiency of enzymes and controlling the proportion of proline. It was concluded that soaking the seeds of wheat variety Tammuz with Acadian extract reduced the effect of salinity and improved the quality characteristics by improving the efficiency of enzymes and controlling the proportion of proline. We recommend soaking the wheat seeds with seaweed extract (Acadian) at a concentration of 2000 mg L-1 before planting.