New Sulfamethoxazole Derivatives; Synthesis, Identification, Molecular Docking and Antibacterial Evaluation

Abstract

The development and resistance of bacteria to antibiotics, make us in a continuous race with time to prepare inhibition compounds against advanced bacteria. The fundamental goal of the present research is to connect two effective groups such as the Sulfonamide and β-lactam Groups. The first step involved the preparation of cyano derivatives from the reaction of sulfamethoxazole with sodium nitrate to form diazonium salt followed by a coupling reaction of the diazonium salt with sodium cyanate. The Cyano derivative was treated with urea in an acidic medium to form an Oxadiazol derivative. The last derivative was condensed with various aromatic aldehydes to yield the Schiff base derivatives. In the presence of triethylamine, the Schiff bases combined with chloroacetyl chloride to give derivatives of azetidinone. Boling Point, TLC, FTIR, and H-NMR techniques were used to determine the results. The synthetic derivatives were tested for their antibacterial efficacy against three strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All compounds under investigation displayed strong antibacterial activity when compared to ampicillin.