Caries Burden is associated with serum uric acid and CRP in Patients Treated for Acute Coronary Syndrome

Abstract

Background: Dental caries is an ongoing, widespread multifactorial disorder and is considered one of the topmost worries of WHO about oral hygiene. Of late, lots of lines of evidence have confirmed the existence of a consistent link between oral health and systemic illnesses. For example, both oral health and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) interrelate within the corresponding inflammatory panel. Uric acid (UA) is the breakdown of purine, revealed to promote inflammation and vascular endothelial dysfunction. An increasing body of evidence highlights the impact of UA on inflammatory diseases. UA has a critical antioxidant (protective) role orally. C-reactive protein (C-RP) is an ''acute phase reactant'', well-known as a nonspecific indicator for systemic and vaso-inflammation. Several preclinical studies have shown C-RP association with oral health and ACS. This study aimed to investigate the association of SUA and C-RP with CB in ACS patients. Methodology: This is a case-control study, including 136 ACS patients and 74 controls free from any cardiac diseases, recruited from those attending the cardiac center. All participants accomplished clinical and mouth inspections with blood analyses of SUA and C-RP. The oral inspection utilized the WHO-agreed dental (DMF-T) index. Frequencies and percentages had used to express the categorical variables, whereas the mean± SD had used to express the continuous variables. The presence/absence of risk factors crosswise the groups had completed by using the chi-square test. Relations between SUA and C-RP levels with DMF-T had inspected by linear regression. Statistical studies had attained using SPSS software V25, with a significance value calculated at <0.05. Results: There was a significantly worse CB among ACS patients compared to control [DMF-T scores were 13.7±9.8 vis 5.1±4.8, p-0.00], respectively. As well, all DMF-T components were higher among the patients' group. The classes of DMF-T were of inferior quality also among patients. There was a significantly higher C-RP level with a higher, but not significant SUA level among patients (p-0.51). Gender revealed no impact regarding variation in the study variables. The exception is in the incidence of smoking, hypertension, mean sera levels of UA, and blood urea among studied subjects (p-0.05). There was a worsened CB with incremental SUA and C-RP values among all studied participants. Conclusions: Patients with ACS had significantly higher CB compared to controls. The patients with ACS have significantly higher C-RP levels and higher nonsignificant SUA levels.  In terms of DMF-T score and missing teeth, there was a worsened CB with incremental SUA and C-RP values. These findings confirm the influence of both hyperuricemia and inflammation have a deleterious impact on CB.