A Study to Assess the Association Between the Hba1c Variability and Hypoglycemia Related Hospitalization Among Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: The chronic multisystem disease known as diabetes mellitus is caused by either inadequate insulin utilisation or abnormal insulin production. Worldwide, diabetes mellitus is a serious health issue whose incidence is rapidly rising. Diabetes affects an estimated 40 million Indians. The prevalence is about 9% in urban areas and 3% in rural areas. Diabetes has emerged as a major public health concern in India. According to the World Health Organization, our country had 31.7 million diabetics in 2000, and that number is expected to rise to 71.4 million by 2030. Hypogycemia is a serious side effect of diabetes treatment. The gold standard for assessing glycemic control in diabetic patients is the measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin Hb A1c (A1C). Glycemic management optimization necessitates a delicate balancing act that allows patients to achieve their target HbA1C while avoiding hypoglycemia. Aims: The aim of the A study to assess the association between the HbA1c variability and hypoglycemia related hospitalization with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects and Design: The Quantitative research approach was adopted for this study and descriptive research design used population of the study comprised of clients with hypoglycemia related hospitalization with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted at Saveetha Medical College & Hospital. The sample size of the study comprises of 30 clients. The purposive sampling technique was used.Statistical Analysis: The continuous blood glucose levels and HbA1c levels are collected . The collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. KarlPearson’s Correlation was used to correlate the HbA1c variability and hypoglycaemia among clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chi-square was used to analyse the association oflevel of HbA1c variability and hypoglycaemia among clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: The major result findings clearly infers the calculated Karl Pearson’s Correlation value of r = -0.777 between HbA1c variability Vs capillary Blood glucose level shows a strong negative correlation which clearly infers that when HBA1c variability increases then CBG level decreases which ultimately shows the possibility of patients getting hypoglycemia. and when the HbA1c increases / decreases then ultimately Serum creatinine and Serum albumin level also increases / decreases. The HbA1c level is a predictor for risk of hypoglycaemia. Conclusion: The increasing HbA1c levels variability and elevated HbA1c are associated with a greaterrisk of hypoglycaemia.