Immunomodulatory Impact of Th1 and Th2 Cytokine in Human Scabies

Abstract

Scabies disease is parasitic infection and skin invasion caused by genus of arthropod called a mite recognized as Sarcoptes scabiei, they proliferate on the skin surface by drilling and laying eggs if it untreated and can alive for many months. This study will discuss the function of inflammatory cytokines in relevance to disease exacerbation in scabies patients and role between immune responses of established on Th1 (pro-inflammatory cytokines) and Th2 (anti–inflammatory cytokines) parameters by measured interleukins IFN-γ and IL- 13 respectively. Both cytokines significantly increased in the level of probability (P≤0.01) of the sera of scabies patients compared to control people. Result showed Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), (is the major mediator of cellular immune responses, which excrete from Th1 that stimulate parasite control by improve the capacity of macrophage cell to killing intracellular parasite), level concentration has increased in patients group (186.49 pg/ml), whereas decreased compared with healthy people results was (150.42 pg/ml). Regarding, the immune interleukin (IL-13) level, where it reached concentration (458.12 pg/ml), while results decreased in control group was (371.60 pg/ml). This interleukin (IL-13), which protection human from against parasite illness and in addition to increase of proliferation of immunoglobulin's specially IgE that important role in hypersensitivity infection include scabies disease, which was reflected his function in increasing concentration in scabies patients. Moreover, it was found that there is an increase in the secretion of IL-13 in addition to elevate IFN-γ level in the patient’s serum, because scabies disease stimulated to both Th1 and Th2 immune responses. However, these current results indicated that the immune responses in scabies disease anti-inflammatory more than pro-inflammatory. Finally, equiponderant immune responses and cytokines connection appear to play about a pivotal role through scabies disease.