Potassium Level Among Diabetes Mellitus : Patients in Baghdad Teaching Hospital-2022

Abstract

Backgrounds and Objectives: This study was an attempt to find importance of potassium among diabetes mellitus patients and the relationship between diabetes mellitus and level of serum potassium which affect the general health in different situations because the low serum potassium level could predisposing factor for development of diabetes mellitus type two due to decrease insulin level and sensitivity which could be reversed by using potassium supplement. In diabetes mellitus patients the serum potassium levels decreases in cases of ketoacidosis because of recurrent vomiting and polyuria and intracellular potassium depletion due to hyperglycemia ; while serum potassium level could be high in diabetic nephropathy due to the diabetic nephropathy which associated with hyperkalemia which lead to serious complications like arrhythmia , cardiac arrest and muscular dysfunction which lead to paralysis.Material and methods: Across sectional study was done among a sample of 200 diabetes mellitus patients were included , which conducted in the clinic of endocrinology of Baghdad teaching hospital between the 20th of June 2022 to the 20th of December 2022. Clinical diagnosis was based on history & clinical examination and appropriate investigation .Results: A total of 200 diabetes mellitus patients with ages ranged from 8 to 90 years with a mean age of ( 50.1+-17.1 ) years. DM1 / DM2 ratio was 1/9 with potassium levels range between (2.76-6.20 mmol/dl ) . Tested examined the relationships among these cases by using statistical analysis ( student t-test & ANOVA test) p. Value is positive in male gender , height , duration of hypertension , FBS , RBS , s. Creatinine, s. Cholesterol, HDL .Conclusions: Electrolyte abnormalities are common in diabetic patients and may be associated with increased morbidity and mortality, in this study we have measured the level of potassium in diabetic patients and found strong direct correlations between level of potassium and poorly controlled DM patients especially with higher BMI , central obesity , height, Hb A1c ; higher RBS , FBS , cholesterol , HDL, S. creatinine , while S. Potassium level have inverse correlation with duration of hypertension in diabetes mellitus type one .