Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Steinernema Carpocapsae, and Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora Against the Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera Zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
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Abstract
The Peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a destructive polyphagous pest infests most of the horticultural fruits in addition to some vegetables. The use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) represents an important alternative tool for insecticides. This study was designed to estimate the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterohabditis bacteriophora against B.zonata larvae, and pupae as a safe control tool to reduce chemical environmental hazards. The virulence of different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 IJs/ml) of both nematodes was evaluated. The mortality rate of larvae increased with increasing concentration (high positive correlation). The superiority with significant difference was recorded to S. carpocapsae species that gave mortality rates of 51.7, 65.3, and 90.63 % at concentrations 100, 200, and 400 IJs/ml respectively, While the second species achieved mortality rates 39.5, 53.7, and 86.7% respectively. The LC50 values were 146 IJs/ml and 104 IJs/ml for H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae respectively. In case of pupae treatment, the superiority was to the H. bacteriophora species without a significant difference from the other one, the mortality rates were dependent on the concentrations. The LC50 values were 145 IJs/ml H. bacteriophora and 184 IJs/ml for S. carpocapsae.
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Bactrocera zonata · Entomopathogenic nematode · Biological control