Type 2 Diabetes: Existence of Genitourinary Infections with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (Sglt2) Inhibitors

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a well-known chronic metabolic issue characterized by persistently elevated glucose levels brought on by absent/inadequate or improperly functioning insulin. There are many drugs available to control hyperglycemia among them SGLT2 inhibitors are one. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are oral antidiabetic drugs used to reduce blood sugar levels by blocking glucose reabsorption in the kidney's proximal convoluted tubule. People with diabetes are more likely to develop genitourinary infections, and these infections could be brought on by either drug-related or non-drug-related causes. Objective: To determine the frequency of Genitourinary tract infection in people with type 2diabetes Mellitus who are treated with SGLT2 inhibitors. Study design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi from February 2022 to February 2023 Methodology: Overall, a total of 550 people were selected to be a part of this research. Patients with diabetes who had been using SGLT-2 inhibitors for at least three months, either in combination or as monotherapy, were included in this study.Patients were questioned about any symptoms &signs of Genital infection or urinary symptoms during their therapy with SGLT-2 inhibitors by medical assistants using a structured proforma.Patients who had a positive urine/genital swab culture were classified as having a genitourinary infection. Results: There were a total of 374 men and 176 women. The meanage was 38.2 years. Patients were divided into 2 groupsbased on dapa or empagliflzin. Group A contained 264 people who were on dapagliflozin. Group B contained 286 people who took empagliflozin for the glycemic control. In Empagliflozin group the frequency of Urinary infection was 6.4% and gentital infection 4.1%, whereas in dapagliflozin group GU infection frequency was 3%, & 4.1% respectively. Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes who take SGLT-2 inhibitors whether empagliflozin or Dapagliflozin do not have an increased risk of genitourinary infection.