Thyroid Hormones: The Body's Main Endocrine Organ

Abstract

The thyroid gland, the body's main endocrine organ, is situated in front of the thyroid cartilage in the anterior neck area. They are essential for almost all tissues to function at their best and have a big impact on a person's metabolism and oxygen consumption. The fact that thyroid-related endocrine disorders are among the most prevalent is not surprising. Around the world, hundreds of thousands of people struggle with thyroid issues. In order to clinically connect with illnesses that cause a hormone shortfall or excess, it is necessary to understand how it works. . thyroxin hormone consist of a tyrosine molecule joined to a phenyl ring by an ether bond. On their inner tyrosine rings, both have two iodine atoms. T4 and T3 are different from one another because T4 has two iodine atoms on its phenyl (outer) ring while T3 only has one. The amount of unbound or "Free" T4 and T3 (FT4 and FT3) is crucial for the biological effects of thyroid hormones, including feedback regulation to the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus. Plasma includes both bound and unbound (Free) thyroid hormones.