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Komal Sattar Aizaz Ali Khan Fozia Baloch Sonia Saleem Amanullah Lail Ajet Kumar

Abstract

Background: A complicated neurological ailment that can cause problems for a person's entire life is autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Its social and economic consequences are considerable. ASD is distinguished by difficulty in social communication and a proclivity for repeated behaviors and interests. Autism's prevalence has increased significantly during the last three decades, now impacting 7.6 persons per 1000 people, or around one in every 132 people. Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as a global health concern, driven by factors such as geographic location, season, skin color, indoor lifestyle, air pollution, and obesity. Researchers from many nations found that children with autism spectrum disorder have considerably lower levels of serum vitamin D than healthy youngsters. Objective: To explore serum vitamin D levels in children with ASD and compare them to those of healthy children Study design: A case control study Place and Duration: This study was conducted in Bilawal Medical College for Boys LUMHS Hyderabad from November 2022 to November 2023. Methodology: To perform this study, children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder aged 3 to 10 years, as validated by a pediatric neurologist, were purposefully enrolled after receiving informed written consent from their parents. The study group consisted of 80 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In addition, 80 children who appeared to be healthy were chosen for comparison, with age, BMI, and gender matching. All participants came from middle-class socioeconomic backgrounds. Results: There were a total of 80 children who were enrolled in this research. The mean age for the children who were having ASD was 6.16 years while the ones in the healthy group was 6.04 years. The serum 25(OH) D was low in the ASD group. Overall, 80% of the children were vitamin D deficient in the ASD group while 66.25% were deficient in the control group. Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency affects both children with ASD and those without the disease.

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Keywords

Vitamin D Deficiency, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Children.

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