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Setegn Bayabil*, Solomon Sisay Mulugeta, Selamawit Getachew Wassihun, Alebachew Taye Belay

Abstract

Background: HIV is a virus spread through certain body fluids that attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the CD4 cells. In Ethiopia, the general trend of the prevalence rate varies across each year and in each region.  The purpose of the current study was to identify the most risk factors Related to the HIV status of individuals in Ethiopia.  


Methodology: The data for this study were taken from Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2016 (EDHS 2016).  Voluntarily HIV testing interviewers collected finger-prick blood specimens from women age 15-49 and men age 15-59 who consented to HIV testing.  The analysis was conducted by binary logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression model.


Results: Among 26692 individuals included in the study, 55.1 % (14719) and 44.9 % (11973) were female and male individuals respectively. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS infection among VCT individuals was estimated to be 1.5% and varied by demographic, socio-economic, HIV Awareness, and sexual behavior factors of individuals. This study revealed that HIV awareness, sex, age at first sex, region, age, educational level, and place of residence were significant determinants of the HIV status of an individual. The odds of being HIV infected for a female individual was about 1.938 times the odds of male individuals and it implies that statistically significant. The odd of Individuals found in the Gambella region was 13.35 times being HIV positive than the odd of Individuals in the Tigray region.


Conclusion: The regional variation in the HIV status of an individual is statistically significant. In addition, HIV Awareness, sex, residence, educational level, and age at first sex were also found to be significant determinants of variation in HIV status of individuals among regions.

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Keywords

HIV/AIDS, multilevel, binary logistic, Ethiopia, EDHS, VCT.

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