Molecular Study of Tetracycline and Quinolone-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnant Women in Diwaniyah (Shamiya City) - Iraq

Abstract

Hospital infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality because of limited treatment options. The use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics has spread widely in the past decades leading to the emergence of resistant bacterial strains The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) is considered as a common mechanism contributed to resistance among Gram-negative. While Mechanisms of resistance to tetracycline through the acquisition of tet genes mainly include efflux pumps, ribosomal protection, and enzymatic deactivation. Mutations also contribute to the antibiotic resistance. The tet genes found at the highest frequency in gram-negative bacteria are related to efflux pumps, which are coded by the tetA, tetB, gene. Method: The current study included two hundred twenty-five Pregnant women as if They had an infection of the urinary tract. and were treated in the Shamiya General Hospital and the Pregnant Care Center in the Shamiya sector from October 2021 to March 2022. One hundred forty-nine different types of bacteria were isolated and using diagnostic methods nineteen isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were obtained. Results The results revealed that 225 pregnant women were the results were positive for Urinary tract infections were found in 149 patients, and the bacteria that grew was diverse. The age group of 21–25 had the highest risk of infection.The findings revealed that women with an elementary education had the highest likelihood of injuries, with roughly 86 pregnant women infected at a rate of 43% (64/149). The probability value is smaller than 0.05 by 0.000. As a result, the disparity in educational levels significantly impacts the injuries. According to this research, the most common bacterial diseases include Then 19 positive samples of Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected using chemical and morphological methods. Klebsiella showed great resistance to tetracycline (89.47%), while the percentage of resistance to Doxycycline was (73.70%), and the resistance was much lower to quinolones, where there is a high percentage of opposition Ciprofloxacin was (31.58%) and Levofloxacin (26.32). After that, all samples were submitted to a genetic PCR analysis utilizing tetracycline and quinolone genes primers ( tetA,tetB,qnrA,qnrB)