Molecular Study for detection of Hepatitis C virus among patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

Abstract

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), is the most common type of lymphoma, and is discreditable for its heterogeneity, with aggressive nature, and the common development may rise by some specific pathogens. For declaration these problems, this study need to place on researching the molecular origins of DLBCL to understand more explanations. the influence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is also associated with extra-hepatic immune indices and B-cell non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), particularly marginal zone lymphoma, or transformed diffuse large B cell lymphoma, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) act a non-retroviral oncogenic RNA virus, commonly related with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV linked DLBCL require unusual features related to their HCV negative complements, signifying a probable effect of the virus meanwhile the actual primary stages of lymphomagenesis, still essential to be extra clarified for a link between HCV and lymphoproliferative disorders. Studies solitary involved small records of HCV-positive patients and not all studies concerning HCV infection and DLBCL exhibited dependable results. So, this detail need more approving studies confirm that HCV infection performance one of serious risk factor in triggering DLBCL disease. Aim of study: this study approving study search for confirm that HCV infection presentation as a one of thoughtful risk factor in triggering DLBCL disease. Patients and methods: a retrospective study performed on 50 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of patients serologically positive for HCV and diagnosed as having DLBCL obtained from the archives of the National Cancer of medical laboratories/ city of medical city, Baghdad, from January to September 2022. All collected samples from serologically positive cases with adequate paraffin-embedded tissue material were included in the study. All the 50 patients with DLBCL with previous Hepatitis C virus infection, and 25 patients with appearance healthy as control without DLBCL (negative results) were included with previous HCV infection. Tested with molecular method PCR and RT-PCR, for detecting HCV virus within their biopsy samples. Results: the HCV-positive DLBCL patients reported to take altered features, with raised Alanine aminotransferase (51.8+7.7), but not in Aspartate aminotransferase and g-Glutamyl transpeptidase, Age and Sex: mostly were in mean of age (43.2+8) in further in male gender (31/50) and female (19/50), and HCV RNA load in DLBCL patients were highly significant (˂0.001) more than in control patients. Also, the results Genomic and Anti-genomic DLBCL patients comparison with control patients were highly significant of (˂0.001), and some of positive results in control patients(200*105) copies/mg total RNA among DLBCL, while were (3.04 * 102) in control patients, but reversible result in Anti-genomic results, were highly occur in control patients. Conclusions: The patients with chronic HCV infection are at increased risk to develop DLBCL dieease. HCV-RNA replication in B-lymphocytes has action of oncogenic effect recognized by intracellular HCV proteins. The probable role of viral lymphotropism in the pathogenesis of HCV-associated Lymphoprelfirative Diseases, especially with progressive DLBCL. Genotypes tests play a critical role in evaluating treatment choices and methods for prepare the suitable drugs, as it exposed the prognosis of disease, severity, and response to type of therapy according to genotypes.