Acute bronchiolitis management comparison between salbutamol with normal saline vs nebulized hypertonic saline

Abstract

Background: When there is an acute lesion in the lower respiratory tract, this serious condition is known as bronchiolitis. RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) causes more than seventy percent of cases. However, influenza, rhinovirus, parainfluenza, mortal metapneumovirus, mycoplasma pneumonia, and human bocavirus are some other pathogens that are also the cause of acute bronchiolitis.Objective: The basic purpose of this research was to study the children who were diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis and determine the efficacy of nebulized hypertonic saline in them.Study design: An analytical cross-sectional studyPlace and Duration: This study was conducted at Kulsumbai Valika Social Security Site Hospital Karachi from june 2021 to june 2022Methodology: In this research, there were a total of 80 children enrolled. All of the 80 children involved in this research were aged from one month to one year (30 days to 365 days) irrespective of their gender. Every patient was clinically presented with bronchiolitis. The children were divided into two groups with 40 children each. One group was assigned to 0.4 ml salbutamol respiratory nebulization solution and 4 ml normal saline. The other group was assigned to 4 ml 3 percent nebulized hypertonic saline. The treatment was repeated 8 hours each day for 120 hours.Results: A total of60% of children (n=24) were quickly recovered and discharged from group 1 and the remaining 16 patients were gradually recovered and discharged. While 95% of children recovered as well discharged quickly from group 2 (n=38). The remaining 2 patients were gradually recovered and discharged. The average time period of oxygen therapy in group 1 was 26.4 hours while in group 2, it was 15.0 hours. The mean time period of hospital stay for group 1 was 74.7 hours while it was 58.1 hours for group 2.Conclusion: The time period for hospital stay and the severity of the acute bronchiolitis was reduced by nebulized hypertonic saline as compared to those who were treated with salbutamol nebulization and normal saline.