Study of Physiological and Some Biochemical Parameters in Patients Infected with Chronic Hepatitis-B Virus

Abstract

Background/Purpose: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening hepatitis B virus (HBV) liver disease. It is a major health issue in the world. It may result in chronic infection and puts populations at high risks of death because of cirrhosis of the liver and liver malignancy. The objective of this study aimed to study effects of infections with Hepatitis B disease on the functions of the liver through study of some physiological, Biochemical, and hormonal variables in patients with the disease, as well as study the effect of the age and sex of patients on these variables. Methodology: The study included 30 patients infected with chronic hepatitis B for period from 1/11/2021 up to 1/2/2022. Blood tests were conducted, which included complete blood count (CBC) included: Packet cell volume (PCV), total count and differential (WBC), count of red blood corpuscles (RBC), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Estimation of Hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and calculate the RBCS Indices (MCH, MCV, MCHC)), Concentration of total protein (TSP), Albumin concentration (Alb) and calculate the concentration of Globulin (Glub). Assessment of renal function (estimated concentration of blood urea (BU), uric acid (U.acid) and creatinine (Cre.). assess liver function secretory: which Included assess the effectiveness of liver enzymes: The biochemical variable has included: Aminotransferase enzymes (ALT, AST), (GGT) and assess the effectiveness of the enzyme Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Estimate concentration of Total bilirubin (TSB) and total cholesterol (T. Chol.) Triglycerides, LDL, HDL-C and VLDL. As well as have been estimated concentration of some hormones such as thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (T4, T3). These analytes have been examined in chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients to compare an association between these markers with healthy controls & study. Results: Serum concentrations of Several biochemical tests were performed for patients and healthy subjects, such as ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, T.S.B, total protein (TSP), Albumin concentration (Alb) and calculate the concentration of Globulin (Glub). The results showed that the patients group had a considerable increase in the level of ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT compared to control group. Total cholesterol (T. Chol.) Triglycerides, LDL, VLDL, blood urea (BU), and creatinine (Cre.) was significantly decreased in patient with CHB. The results showed a significant increase at the level of a Platelet count. Whereas no considerable differences between groups of patients and control in Hemoglobin and the (RBC) and total count of (WBC), (PCV), lymphocytes, there has not been any significant difference between 2 groups in RBCS Indices (MCH, MCV, MCHC). Conclusion: Many biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) have been considerably higher in CHB patients in comparison with controls; the levels of GGT were also higher than in healthy subjects; and there was no considerable difference in thyroid hormone concentrations (T3, T4) or TSH levels between controls and patients.